【美国数据保护】美国云法案资源

2018年3月，美国颁布了《澄清数据（云）的合法海外使用法案》，以加快对美国全球提供商持有的电子信息的访问，这对我们的外国合作伙伴调查从恐怖主义和暴力犯罪到对儿童的性剥削和网络犯罪等严重犯罪至关重要。

近年来，寻求美国电子证据的司法协助请求数量急剧增加，资源紧张，响应时间变慢。有关方面，外国当局表示需要加快获取这一证据的速度。此外，美国收到的许多援助请求寻求与位于其他国家的个人或实体有关的电子信息，调查与美国的唯一联系是证据恰好由美国的全球供应商持有。《云计算法》旨在允许我们对隐私和公民自由有强有力保护的外国合作伙伴与美国签订双边协议，以便无论电子证据位于何处，都能直接访问这些电子证据，以打击严重犯罪和恐怖主义。

因此，《云计算法》代表了一种新的范式：一种高效、隐私和公民自由保护方法，以确保有效访问请求国无法访问的电子数据，这是由于电子通信革命、全球技术公司配置其系统的最新创新方式以及20世纪法律框架的遗产。《云计算法》授权美国与值得信赖的外国合作伙伴签订双边协议，使两国公民更加安全，同时确保对这些公民权利的高度保护。

美国司法部已将此页面创建为官方云法案相关材料的公共资源。请随时将此页面标记为书签，并参阅以获取更新。

云法案

• Full text of the CLOUD Act.
• U.S. Department of Justice, “ Promoting Public Safety, Privacy, and the Rule of Law Around the World: The Purpose and Impact of the CLOUD Act,” White Paper (April 2019).
• Frequently Asked Questions

云法案协议

Canada

• United States and Canada Welcome Negotiations of a CLOUD Act Agreement (March 22, 2022)

United Kingdom

• Joint Statement by the United States and the United Kingdom on Data Access Agreement (July 21, 2022)
   
• Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on Access to Electronic Data for the Purpose of Countering Serious Crime  |  PDF  (October 3, 2019)
   
• Materials conveyed to U.S. Congress in Support of U.S.-U.K. CLOUD Act Agreement (December 4, 2019)
   
• Supplementary letter conveyed to U.S. Congress in Support of U.S.-U.K. CLOUD Act Agreement (January 16, 2020)
   
• U.S. And UK Sign Landmark Cross-Border Data Access Agreement to Combat Criminals and Terrorists Online (October 3, 2019)

European Union

• Joint US-EU Statement on Electronic Evidence Sharing Negotiations (September 26, 2019)

Australia

• Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Australia on Access to Electronic Data for the Purpose of Countering Serious Crime | PDF (December 15, 2021)
• Materials conveyed to U.S. Congress in Support of U.S.-Australia CLOUD Act Agreement (December 22, 2021) 
• United States and Australia Enter CLOUD Act Agreement to Facilitate Investigations of Serious Crime (December 15, 2021) 
• Joint Statement Announcing United States and Australian Negotiation of a CLOUD Act Agreement by U.S. Attorney General William Barr and Minister for Home Affairs Peter Dutton (October 7, 2019)

演讲和证词

• Deputy Assistant Attorney General Richard W. Downing Delivers Remarks at the 5th German-American Data Protection Day on “What the U.S. Cloud Act Does and Does Not Do” (May 2019)
• Remarks of Richard W. Downing, U.S. Deputy Assistant Attorney General, at the Academy of European Law, London, U.K., “Prospects for Transatlantic Cooperation on the Transfer of Electronic Evidence to Promote Public Safety” (April 5, 2019).
• Remarks of Sujit Raman, U.S. Associate Deputy Attorney General, at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, D.C., “Toward a New Paradigm on Cross-Border Data Flows: Moving Ahead with the CLOUD Act” (May 24, 2018).
• Statement of Richard W. Downing, U.S. Deputy Assistant Attorney General, before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on the Judiciary (June 15, 2017).
• Statement of Brad Wiegmann, U.S. Deputy Assistant Attorney General, before the U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary’s Subcommittee on Crime and Terrorism (May 24, 2017).
• Written Testimony of Paddy McGuiness, U.K. Deputy National Security Advisor, before the U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary’s Subcommittee on Crime and Terrorism, at a Hearing entitled “Law Enforcement Access to Data Stored Across Borders: Facilitating Cooperation and Protecting Rights” (May 24, 2017).
• Video of a Hearing entitled “Law Enforcement Access to Data Stored Across Borders: Facilitating Cooperation and Protecting Rights,” U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary’s Subcommittee on Crime and Terrorism (May 24, 2017)

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